NissirosV1, Main, Exploration, bibRecord, 000229

Hydrothermal studies in the aegean sea

Identifieur interne : 000229 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000228; suivant : 000230

Hydrothermal studies in the aegean sea

Auteurs : P. R Dando [Royaume-Uni] ; S. Aliani [Italie] ; H. Arab [Allemagne] ; C. N Bianchi [Italie] ; M. Brehmer [Allemagne] ; S. Cocito [Italie] ; S. W Fowlers [Monaco] ; J. Gundersen [Allemagne] ; L. E Hooper [Royaume-Uni] ; R. Kölbh [Allemagne] ; J. Kuevere [Allemagne] ; P. Linke [Allemagne] ; K. C Makropoulosr [Grèce] ; R. Meloni [Italie] ; J.-C Miquel [Monaco] ; C. Morri [Suisse] ; S. Müller [Allemagne] ; C. Robinson [Royaume-Uni] ; H. Schlesner [Allemagne] ; S. Sieverts [Allemagne] ; R. Störr [Royaume-Uni] ; D. Stüben [Allemagne] ; M. Thormm [Allemagne] ; S. P Varnavas [Grèce] ; W. Ziebiss [Allemagne]

Source :

Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Part B [ 1464-1909 ] ; 2000.

RBID : ISTEX:8D2CC176D79B8CDF66FBEA705AA6C08B7C2AC07F

English descriptors

Abstract

Abstract: The aims of the Aegean Hydrothermal Fluxes and Biological Production project were to estimate the fluxes of fluids, chemicals, heat and bacteria from hydrothermal vents, establish the controls on venting dynamics, measure the productivity in the region of the vents and establish the effect of the vents on biodiversity of both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. This paper presents an initial synthesis of the project results. Research was done both by land-based SCUBA diving and from several vessels at a number of active sites in the near-shore coastal regions of Milos and Kos, with some additional studies at Methana, Lesbos and Santorini. Vent water composition showed very large variations. This was due to the mixing, of hydrothermal reservoir fluids, vapour condensate and seawater altered by interactions of fluid-sediment-bacteria in different proportions, in the gasohydrothermal vents. The composition ranged from nearly sea water with only slightly reduced pH, to higher or lower salinity fluids with a pH as low as 3 and with large enrichments in heavy and trace metals. Phase separation was a common feature at these shallow vents. The dry gas phase was mainly C02, but with significant amounts of H2S, CH4 and H2. These fluids commonly passed through soft sediments before venting from the seafloor and induced a convection cell of pore-water entrainment from deeper sediment layers into the water column with a consequent ‘re-charge’ down-flow of seawater into the sediment around the vent outlets. Such complex conditions may well explain the high biodiversity of Bacteria, Archaea and epifaunal species surrounding the vents. As many as 44 % of the archaeal lineages detected were found to represent novel phyla. Epifaunal diversity was particularly high with over 200 species recorded at the shallower Milos vents. These vents may form a ‘steppingstone’ for warmer water species to colonise the surrounding areas when water temperatures permit.

Url:

https://api.istex.fr/document/8D2CC176D79B8CDF66FBEA705AA6C08B7C2AC07F/fulltext/pdf

DOI: 10.1016/S1464-1909(99)00112-4

Affiliations:

Allemagne, Grèce, Italie, Monaco, Royaume-Uni, Suisse
Attique (région), Bade-Wurtemberg, Brême (Land), District de Karlsruhe, Schleswig-Holstein
Athènes, Brême, Karlsruhe, Kiel

Links toward previous steps (curation, corpus...)

to stream Istex, to step Corpus: 000140
to stream Istex, to step Curation: 000140
to stream Istex, to step Checkpoint: 000169
to stream Main, to step Merge: 000235
to stream Main, to step Curation: 000229

Le document en format XML

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<profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Active sites</term>
<term>Active volcanoes</term>
<term>Aliani</term>
<term>Athens institute</term>
<term>Bianchi</term>
<term>Bottom water</term>
<term>Bottom water samples</term>
<term>Brine</term>
<term>Carbon dioxide</term>
<term>Chemical composition</term>
<term>Convection cell</term>
<term>Current meter moorings</term>
<term>Dando</term>
<term>Deeper sediment layers</term>
<term>Denaturing gradient</term>
<term>Epifaunal diversity</term>
<term>Faecal pellets</term>
<term>Fault lines</term>
<term>Flow rates</term>
<term>Fluid flows</term>
<term>Gasohydrothermal</term>
<term>Gasohydrothermal vents</term>
<term>Geological society</term>
<term>Geothermal</term>
<term>Geothermal resources</term>
<term>Geothermal system</term>
<term>Hydrogen sulphide</term>
<term>Hydrosweep data</term>
<term>Hydrothermal</term>
<term>Hydrothermal areas</term>
<term>Hydrothermal field</term>
<term>Hydrothermal fluids</term>
<term>Hydrothermal plumes</term>
<term>Hydrothermal signals</term>
<term>Hydrothermal studies</term>
<term>Hydrothermal vent</term>
<term>Hydrothermal venting</term>
<term>Hydrothermal vents</term>
<term>Methane</term>
<term>Methane anomalies</term>
<term>Methane concentrations</term>
<term>Milo</term>
<term>Milos island</term>
<term>Minor part</term>
<term>Mooring</term>
<term>Oligonucleotide probe</term>
<term>Palaeochori</term>
<term>Particulate</term>
<term>Particulate matter</term>
<term>Phase separation</term>
<term>Photosynthetic</term>
<term>Photosynthetic rates</term>
<term>Plume</term>
<term>Preliminary studies</term>
<term>Rdna sequence</term>
<term>Respiration rates</term>
<term>Santorini</term>
<term>Scuba divers</term>
<term>Seagrass meadows</term>
<term>Sediment</term>
<term>Sediment trap studies</term>
<term>Shallow vents</term>
<term>Shallow water hydrothermal vents</term>
<term>Significant amounts</term>
<term>Submarine hydrothermal areas</term>
<term>Sulphide</term>
<term>Temperature variation</term>
<term>Thiobacillus hydrothermalis</term>
<term>Total flux</term>
<term>Total particulates</term>
<term>Vent</term>
<term>Vent area</term>
<term>Vent maps</term>
<term>Vent outlet</term>
<term>Vent outlets</term>
<term>Vent site</term>
<term>Vent sites</term>
<term>Vent temperature</term>
<term>Venting</term>
<term>Venting activity</term>
<term>Venting fluids</term>
<term>Volcanic</term>
<term>Water column</term>
<term>Water depth</term>
<term>Water entrainment</term>
<term>Water samples</term>
<term>White mineral</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="Teeft" xml:lang="en"><term>Active sites</term>
<term>Active volcanoes</term>
<term>Aliani</term>
<term>Athens institute</term>
<term>Bianchi</term>
<term>Bottom water</term>
<term>Bottom water samples</term>
<term>Brine</term>
<term>Carbon dioxide</term>
<term>Chemical composition</term>
<term>Convection cell</term>
<term>Current meter moorings</term>
<term>Dando</term>
<term>Deeper sediment layers</term>
<term>Denaturing gradient</term>
<term>Epifaunal diversity</term>
<term>Faecal pellets</term>
<term>Fault lines</term>
<term>Flow rates</term>
<term>Fluid flows</term>
<term>Gasohydrothermal</term>
<term>Gasohydrothermal vents</term>
<term>Geological society</term>
<term>Geothermal</term>
<term>Geothermal resources</term>
<term>Geothermal system</term>
<term>Hydrogen sulphide</term>
<term>Hydrosweep data</term>
<term>Hydrothermal</term>
<term>Hydrothermal areas</term>
<term>Hydrothermal field</term>
<term>Hydrothermal fluids</term>
<term>Hydrothermal plumes</term>
<term>Hydrothermal signals</term>
<term>Hydrothermal studies</term>
<term>Hydrothermal vent</term>
<term>Hydrothermal venting</term>
<term>Hydrothermal vents</term>
<term>Methane</term>
<term>Methane anomalies</term>
<term>Methane concentrations</term>
<term>Milo</term>
<term>Milos island</term>
<term>Minor part</term>
<term>Mooring</term>
<term>Oligonucleotide probe</term>
<term>Palaeochori</term>
<term>Particulate</term>
<term>Particulate matter</term>
<term>Phase separation</term>
<term>Photosynthetic</term>
<term>Photosynthetic rates</term>
<term>Plume</term>
<term>Preliminary studies</term>
<term>Rdna sequence</term>
<term>Respiration rates</term>
<term>Santorini</term>
<term>Scuba divers</term>
<term>Seagrass meadows</term>
<term>Sediment</term>
<term>Sediment trap studies</term>
<term>Shallow vents</term>
<term>Shallow water hydrothermal vents</term>
<term>Significant amounts</term>
<term>Submarine hydrothermal areas</term>
<term>Sulphide</term>
<term>Temperature variation</term>
<term>Thiobacillus hydrothermalis</term>
<term>Total flux</term>
<term>Total particulates</term>
<term>Vent</term>
<term>Vent area</term>
<term>Vent maps</term>
<term>Vent outlet</term>
<term>Vent outlets</term>
<term>Vent site</term>
<term>Vent sites</term>
<term>Vent temperature</term>
<term>Venting</term>
<term>Venting activity</term>
<term>Venting fluids</term>
<term>Volcanic</term>
<term>Water column</term>
<term>Water depth</term>
<term>Water entrainment</term>
<term>Water samples</term>
<term>White mineral</term>
</keywords>
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<langUsage><language ident="en">en</language>
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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Abstract: The aims of the Aegean Hydrothermal Fluxes and Biological Production project were to estimate the fluxes of fluids, chemicals, heat and bacteria from hydrothermal vents, establish the controls on venting dynamics, measure the productivity in the region of the vents and establish the effect of the vents on biodiversity of both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. This paper presents an initial synthesis of the project results. Research was done both by land-based SCUBA diving and from several vessels at a number of active sites in the near-shore coastal regions of Milos and Kos, with some additional studies at Methana, Lesbos and Santorini. Vent water composition showed very large variations. This was due to the mixing, of hydrothermal reservoir fluids, vapour condensate and seawater altered by interactions of fluid-sediment-bacteria in different proportions, in the gasohydrothermal vents. The composition ranged from nearly sea water with only slightly reduced pH, to higher or lower salinity fluids with a pH as low as 3 and with large enrichments in heavy and trace metals. Phase separation was a common feature at these shallow vents. The dry gas phase was mainly C02, but with significant amounts of H2S, CH4 and H2. These fluids commonly passed through soft sediments before venting from the seafloor and induced a convection cell of pore-water entrainment from deeper sediment layers into the water column with a consequent ‘re-charge’ down-flow of seawater into the sediment around the vent outlets. Such complex conditions may well explain the high biodiversity of Bacteria, Archaea and epifaunal species surrounding the vents. As many as 44 % of the archaeal lineages detected were found to represent novel phyla. Epifaunal diversity was particularly high with over 200 species recorded at the shallower Milos vents. These vents may form a ‘steppingstone’ for warmer water species to colonise the surrounding areas when water temperatures permit.</div>
</front>
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<affiliations><list><country><li>Allemagne</li>
<li>Grèce</li>
<li>Italie</li>
<li>Monaco</li>
<li>Royaume-Uni</li>
<li>Suisse</li>
</country>
<region><li>Attique (région)</li>
<li>Bade-Wurtemberg</li>
<li>Brême (Land)</li>
<li>District de Karlsruhe</li>
<li>Schleswig-Holstein</li>
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<li>Brême</li>
<li>Karlsruhe</li>
<li>Kiel</li>
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<name sortKey="Cocito, S" sort="Cocito, S" uniqKey="Cocito S" first="S" last="Cocito">S. Cocito</name>
<name sortKey="Meloni, R" sort="Meloni, R" uniqKey="Meloni R" first="R" last="Meloni">R. Meloni</name>
</country>
<country name="Allemagne"><region name="Schleswig-Holstein"><name sortKey="Arab, H" sort="Arab, H" uniqKey="Arab H" first="H" last="Arab">H. Arab</name>
</region>
<name sortKey="Brehmer, M" sort="Brehmer, M" uniqKey="Brehmer M" first="M" last="Brehmer">M. Brehmer</name>
<name sortKey="Gundersen, J" sort="Gundersen, J" uniqKey="Gundersen J" first="J" last="Gundersen">J. Gundersen</name>
<name sortKey="Kolbh, R" sort="Kolbh, R" uniqKey="Kolbh R" first="R" last="Kölbh">R. Kölbh</name>
<name sortKey="Kuevere, J" sort="Kuevere, J" uniqKey="Kuevere J" first="J" last="Kuevere">J. Kuevere</name>
<name sortKey="Linke, P" sort="Linke, P" uniqKey="Linke P" first="P" last="Linke">P. Linke</name>
<name sortKey="Muller, S" sort="Muller, S" uniqKey="Muller S" first="S" last="Müller">S. Müller</name>
<name sortKey="Schlesner, H" sort="Schlesner, H" uniqKey="Schlesner H" first="H" last="Schlesner">H. Schlesner</name>
<name sortKey="Sieverts, S" sort="Sieverts, S" uniqKey="Sieverts S" first="S" last="Sieverts">S. Sieverts</name>
<name sortKey="Stuben, D" sort="Stuben, D" uniqKey="Stuben D" first="D" last="Stüben">D. Stüben</name>
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Hydrothermal studies in the aegean sea

Hydrothermal studies in the aegean sea

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